Abstract
Background and purpose
The need for radiation oncologists and other radiation oncology (RO) professionals
to lead quality improvement activities and contribute to shaping the future of our
specialty is self-evident. Leadership knowledge, skills and behaviours, like other
competencies, can be learned (Blumenthal et al., 2012). The objective of this study
was to define a globally applicable competency set specific to radiation oncology
for the CanMEDS Leader Role (Frank et al., 2015).
Methods
A modified Delphi consensus process delivering two rounds of on-line surveys was used.
Participants included trainees, radiation/clinical oncologists and other RO team members
(radiation therapists, physicists, and nurses), professional educators and patients.
Results
72 of 95 (76%) invitees from nine countries completed the Round 1 (R1) survey. Of
the 72 respondents to RI, 70 completed Round 2 (R2) (97%). In R1, 35 items were deemed
for ‘inclusion’ and 21 for ‘exclusion’, leaving 41 ‘undetermined’. After review of
items, informed by participant comments, 14 competencies from the ‘inclusion’ group
went into the final curriculum; 12 from the ‘undetermined’ group went to R2. In R2,
6 items reached consensus for inclusion.
Conclusion
This process resulted in 20 RO Leader Role competencies with apparent global applicability.
This is the first step towards developing learning, teaching and assessment tools
for this important area of training.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Radiotherapy and OncologyAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Addressing the leadership gap in medicine: Residents' need for systematic leadership development training.Acad Med. 2012; 87: 513-522
- Frank J. Snell L. Sherbino J. CanMEDS2015 physician competency framework. Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, Ottawa2015 (<http://www.royalcollege.ca/rcsite/documents/canmeds/canmeds-full-framework-e.pdf>)
- How physicians can change the future of health care.JAMA. 2007; 297: 1103-1111
- Developing physician-leaders: a call to action.J Gen Intern Med. 2009; 24: 876-878
- The link between leadership and safety outcomes in hospitals.J Nurs Manag. 2010; 18: 914-925
- Medical leadership: why it's important, what is required, and how we develop it.Postgrad Med J. 2011; 87: 27-32
- Leadership development for clinicians: what are we trying to achieve?.Clin Teach. 2011; 8: 181-185
- A current perspective on a moving target: clinical leadership in postgraduate medical education.Br J Hosp Med. 2010; 71: 220-222
- Embedding physician leadership development within health organizations Leadership in Health Services. 2014; 27: 330-342
- Medical leadership and management: an international revolution.J Health Special. 2015; 3: 39
- Expanding global access to radiotherapy.Lancet Oncol. 2015; 16: 1153-1186
- The updated ESTRO core curricula 2011 for clinicians, medical physicists and RTTs in radiotherapy/radiation oncology.Radiother Oncol. 2012; 103: 103-108
- From Manager to Leader.Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, Ottawa2015 ([Internet]. [cited 2016 Oct 19]. Available at: <http://www.royalcollege.ca/rcsite/documents/cbd/canmeds-2015-manager-to-leader-e.pdf>)
- Leadership development programs for physicians: a systematic review.J Gen Intern Med. 2014; 30: 656-674
- Applying the Delphi technique in a study of GP’s information requirements.Health Soc Care Com. 1999; 7: 198-205
- The Delphi technique in health sciences education research.Med Educ. 2005; 27: 639-643
- Developing a quality criteria framework for patient decision aids: online international Delphi consensus process.BMJ. 2006; https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38926.629329.AE
- Expert consensus panel guidelines on geriatric assessment in oncology.Eur J Cancer Care. 2015; 24: 574-589
- Determining an imaging literacy curriculum for radiation oncologists: an international Delphi study.Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2015; 88: 961-996
- Developing a clinical pathway for the identification and management of anxiety and depression in adult cancer patients: an online Delphi consensus process.Supp Care Cancer. 2015; https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-015-2742-5
Hsu C-C, Sandford B. The Delphi technique: Making sense of consensus. Pract assess res eval 2007. [Internet]. [cited 2016 Sep 4]. Available at: http://pareonline.net/getvn.asp?v=12&n=10.
- Establishing a Global Radiation Oncology Collaboration in Education (GRaCE): objectives and priorities.Radiother Oncol. 2015; 117: 188-192
- Researching the researchers: using a snowballing technique.Nurse Res. 2004; 12: 35-46
NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement. Medical Leadership Competency Framework (MLCF) 2011; [Internet]. [cited 2016 Oct 19] Available at: http://www.leadershipacademy.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/NHSLeadership-Leadership-Framework-Medical-Leadership-Competency-Framework-3rd-ed.pdf.
Royal Australian College of Medical Administration, RACMA Medical Leadership and Management Curriculum Framework 2011 [Internet]. [cited 2016 Sep 4]. Available at: http://www.racma.edu.au/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=1077.
Health Education and Training Institute [HETI]. 2013. NSW Health Leadership Framework [Internet]. [cited 2016 Sept 4]. http://www.heti.nsw.gov.au/Global/HETI-Resources/leadership/HETI-leadership-framework.pdf.
- Health LEADS Australia framework: the Australian Health Leadership Framework.Australian Government, 2013 ([Internet]. [cited 2016 Sept 4]. Available at: <https://www.aims.org.au/documents/item/352>)
- Bringing leadership to life in health: LEADS in a caring environment.Springer, New York2014
- The Delphi technique: an adaptive research tool.Br J Occupat Ther. 1998; 61: 153-156
- A systematic review of physician leadership and emotional intelligence.J Grad Med Edu. 2014; 6: 21-31
- Distributed leadership in organisations.Int J Manage Rev. 2011; 13: 251-269
- De Savigny D. Adam T. Systems thinking for health systems strengthening, alliance for health services policy and systems research. World Health Organisation, Geneva2009
- Delphi: myths and reality.J Health Org Manage. 2003; 17: 37-52
- Research guidelines for the Delphi survey technique.J Adv Nurs. 2000; 32: 1008-1015
Escott-Stump S. Leadership with a Little “L” J Acad Nutrit Diet. 2014. 114: S6 [Internet]. [cited 2016 Sept 4]. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2014.02.020.
- The concept of experiential learning and John Dewey's theory of reflective thought and action.Int J Lifelong Edu. 2000; 19: 54-72
- Context-based adult learning.N Dir Adult Contin Edu. 2001; 89: 43-51
Princess Margaret Hospital Young Leaders Program [cited 2017 Apr 4]. Available at: http://www.uhn.ca/PrincessMargaret/Education/Cancer_Campus/Young_Leaders.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 25, 2017
Accepted:
April 9,
2017
Received in revised form:
April 9,
2017
Received:
November 15,
2016
Identification
Copyright
© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
