Radiotherapy & Oncology
Volume 95, Issue 3 , Pages 303-307 , June 2010

Phase II study of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with irinotecan plus S-1 in locally advanced rectal cancer

  • Sang Joon Shin

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • ,
  • Nam Kyu Kim

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • ,
  • Ki Chang Keum

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • ,
  • Ho Geun Kim

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • ,
  • Jun Seok Im

      Affiliations

    • Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • ,
  • Hye Jin Choi

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • ,
  • Seung Hyuk Baik

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • ,
  • Jae Hee Choen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • ,
  • Hei-Cheul Jeung

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • ,
  • Sun Young Rha

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • ,
  • Jae Kyung Roh

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • ,
  • Hyun Cheol Chung

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • ,
  • Joong Bae Ahn

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Address: Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu 120-752 Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Received 5 October 2009 ,Revised 31 December 2009 ,Accepted 1 February 2010.

References 

  1. Sauer R, Becker H, Hohenberger W, et al. Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:1731–1740
  2. Bosset JF, Collette L, Calais G, et al. Chemotherapy with preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:1114–1123
  3. Gerard JP, Conroy T, Bonnetain F, et al. Preoperative radiotherapy with or without concurrent fluorouracil and leucovorin in T3–4 rectal cancers: results of FFCD 9203. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:4620–4625
  4. Rodel C, Martus P, Papadoupolos T, et al. Prognostic significance of tumor regression after preoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:8688–8696
  5. Vecchio FM, Valentini V, Minsky BD, et al. The relationship of pathologic tumor regression grade (TRG) and outcomes after preoperative therapy in rectal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;62:752–760
  6. Theodoropoulos G, Wise WE, Padmanabhan A, et al. T-level downstaging and complete pathologic response after preoperative chemoradiation for advanced rectal cancer result in decreased recurrence and improved disease-free survival. Dis Colon Rectum. 2002;45:895–903
  7. Kuo LJ, Liu MC, Jian JJ, et al. Is final TNM staging a predictor for survival in locally advanced rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiation therapy?. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007;14:2766–2772
  8. Bouzourene H, Bosman FT, Seelentag W, Matter M, Coucke P. Importance of tumor regression assessment in predicting the outcome in patients with locally advanced rectal carcinoma who are treated with preoperative radiotherapy. Cancer. 2002;94:1121–1130
  9. Saltz LB, Cox JV, Blanke C, et al. Irinotecan plus fluorouracil and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer. Irinotecan Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:905–914
  10. Rich TA, Kirichenko AV. Camptothecin schedule and timing of administration with irradiation. Oncology (Williston Park). 2001;15:37–41
  11. Shirasaka T, Shimamato Y, Ohshimo H, et al. Development of a novel form of an oral 5-fluorouracil derivative (S-1) directed to the potentiation of the tumor selective cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil by two biochemical modulators. Anticancer Drugs. 1996;7:548–557
  12. Choi HJ, Kim NK, Keum KC, et al. Phase I trial of neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy with S-1 and weekly irinotecan in locally advanced rectal cancer. Radiother Oncol. 2008;87:361–366
  13. Kim JH, Beets GL, Kim MJ, Kessels AG, Beets-Tan RG. High-resolution MR imaging for nodal staging in rectal cancer: are there any criteria in addition to the size?. Eur J Radiol. 2004;52:78–83
  14. Mandard AM, Dalibard F, Mandard JC, et al. Pathologic assessment of tumor regression after preoperative chemoradiotherapy of esophageal carcinoma. Clinicopathologic correlations. Cancer. 1994;73:2680–2686
  15. Sanghera P, Wong DW, McConkey CC, Geh JI, Hartley A. Chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer: an updated analysis of factors affecting pathological response. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2008;20:176–183
  16. Glynne-Jones R, Dunst J, Sebag-Montefiore D. The integration of oral capecitabine into chemoradiation regimens for locally advanced rectal cancer: how successful have we been?. Ann Oncol. 2006;17:361–371
  17. Dunst J, Reese T, Sutter T, et al. Phase I trial evaluating the concurrent combination of radiotherapy and capecitabine in rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20:3983–3991
  18. Ngan SY, Michael M, Mackay J, et al. A phase I trial of preoperative radiotherapy and capecitabine for locally advanced, potentially resectable rectal cancer. Br J Cancer. 2004;91:1019–1024
  19. Souglakos J, Androulakis N, Mavroudis D, et al. Multicenter dose-finding study of concurrent capecitabine and radiotherapy as adjuvant treatment for operable rectal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003;56:1284–1287
  20. Kim JS, Cho MJ, Song KS, Yoon WH. Preoperative chemoradiation using oral capecitabine in locally advanced rectal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;54:403–408
  21. Kim JC, Kim TW, Kim JH, et al. Preoperative concurrent radiotherapy with capecitabine before total mesorectal excision in locally advanced rectal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;63:346–353
  22. Krishnan S, Janjan NA, Skibber JM, et al. Phase II study of capecitabine (Xeloda) and concomitant boost radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;66:762–771
  23. Diaz-Gonzalez JA, Calvo FA, Cortes J, et al. Preoperative chemoradiation with oral tegafur within a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach in patients with T3–4 rectal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;61:1378–1384
  24. Fernandez-Martos C, Aparicio J, Bosch C, et al. Preoperative uracil, tegafur, and concomitant radiotherapy in operable rectal cancer: a phase II multicenter study with 3 years’ follow-up. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22:3016–3022
  25. Hofheinz RD, von Gerstenberg-Helldorf B, Wenz F, et al. Phase I trial of capecitabine and weekly irinotecan in combination with radiotherapy for neoadjuvant therapy of rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:1350–1357
  26. Klautke G, Kuchenmeister U, Foitzik T, et al. Concurrent chemoradiation with capecitabine and weekly irinotecan as preoperative treatment for rectal cancer: results from a phase I/II study. Br J Cancer. 2006;94:976–981
  27. Iles S, Gollins S, Susnerwala S, et al. Irinotecan+5-fluorouracil with concomitant pre-operative radiotherapy in locally advanced non-resectable rectal cancer: a phase I/II study. Br J Cancer. 2008;98:1210–1216
  28. Willeke F, Horisberger K, Kraus-Tiefenbacher U, et al. A phase II study of capecitabine and irinotecan in combination with concurrent pelvic radiotherapy (CapIri-RT) as neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. Br J Cancer. 2007;96:912–917
  29. Mohiuddin M, Winter K, Mitchell E, et al. Randomized phase II study of neoadjuvant combined-modality chemoradiation for distal rectal cancer: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Trial 0012. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:650–655
  30. Mehta VK, Cho C, Ford JM, et al. Phase II trial of preoperative 3D conformal radiotherapy, protracted venous infusion 5-fluorouracil, and weekly CPT-11, followed by surgery for ultrasound-staged T3 rectal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003;55:132–137
  31. Sato T, Kokuba Y, Koizumi W, Hayakawa K, Okayasu I, Watanabe M, et al. Trial of neoadjuvant preoperative chemotherapy with S-1 and irinotecan plus radiation in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;69:1442–1447
  32. Ajani JA, Faust J, Ikeda K, et al. Phase I pharmacokinetic study of S-1 plus cisplatin in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:6957–6965
  33. Aschele C, Pinto C, Cordio S, et al. Preoperative fluorouracil (FU)-based chemoradiation with and without weekly oxaliplatin in locally advanced rectal cancer: pathologic response analysis of the Studio Terapia Adiuvante Reto (STAR)-01 randomized phase III trial (abstract #4008). J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:804s
  34. Gerard J, Azria D, Gourgou-Bourgade S, et al. Randomized multicenter phase III trial comparing two neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CT-RT) regimens (RT45-Cap versus RT50-Capox) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer: results of the ACCORD 12/0405 PRODIGE 2 (abstract #4007). J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:979s

PII: S0167-8140(10)00080-0

doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2010.02.003

Radiotherapy & Oncology
Volume 95, Issue 3 , Pages 303-307 , June 2010