Radiotherapy & Oncology
Volume 89, Issue 2 , Pages 135-140 , November 2008

Second cancers in children treated with modern radiotherapy techniques

  • Uwe Schneider

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, The Triemli Hospital and Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Switzerland
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Uwe Schneider, Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, The Triemli Hospital and Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, CH-8063 Zürich, Switzerland.
    • ,
  • Antony Lomax

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiation Medicine, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
    • ,
  • Beate Timmermann

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiation Medicine, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland

Received 18 January 2008 ,Revised 3 April 2008 ,Accepted 16 July 2008.

References 

  1. Bhatia S, Sklar C. Second cancers in survivors of childhood cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002;2:124–132
  2. Hall EJ. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy, protons, and the risk of second cancers. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;65:1–7
  3. Flint-Richter P, Sadetzki S. Genetic predisposition for the development of radiation-associated meningioma: an epidemiological study. Lancet Oncol. 2007;8:403–410
  4. Stovall M, Blackwell CR, Cundiff J, Novack DH, Palta JR, Wagner LK, et al. Fetal dose from radiotherapy with photon beams: report of AAPM Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group No. 36. Med Phys. 1995;22:63–82
  5. d’Errico F, Luszik-Bhadra M, Nath R, Siebert BR, Wolf U. Depth dose-equivalent and effective energies of photoneutrons generated by 6–18MV X-ray beams for radiotherapy. Health Phys. 2001;80:4–11
  6. Lin JP, Liu WC, Lin CC. Investigation of photoneutron dose equivalent from high-energy photons in radiotherapy. Appl Radiat Isot. 2007;65:599–604
  7. Kry SF, Salehpour M, Followill DS, Stovall M, Kuban DA, White RA, et al. Out-of field photon and neutron dose equivalents from step-and-shoot intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;62:1204–1216
  8. Lomax AJ, Pedroni E, Schaffner B, Scheib S, Schneider U, Tourovsky A. In:  Faulkner K,  Carey B,  Crellin A,  Harrison RM editor. Quantitative imaging in oncology: 3D treatment planning for conformal proton therapy by spot scanning. London: BIR Publication; 1996;p. 67–71
  9. Schneider U, Agosteo S, Pedroni E, Besserer J. Secondary neutron dose during proton therapy using spot scanning. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;53:244–251
  10. Yan X, Titt U, Koehler AM, Newhauser WD. Measurement of neutron dose equivalent to proton therapy patients outside of the proton radiation field NIM A 2002;476:429–34.
  11. Wroe A, Rosenfeld A, Schulte R. Out-of-field dose equivalents delivered by proton therapy of prostate cancer. Med Phys. 2007;34:3449–3456
  12. Mesoloras G, Sandison GA, Stewart RD, Farr JB, Hsi WC. Neutron scattered dose equivalent to a fetus from proton radiotherapy of the mother. Med Phys. 2006;33:2479–2490
  13. Zheng Y, Newhauser W, Fontenot J, Koch N, Mohan R. Monte Carlo simulations of stray neutron radiation exposures in proton therapy. J Nucl Mater. 2007;361:289–297
  14. Schneider U, Walsh L. Cancer risk estimates from the combined Japanese A-bomb and Hodgkin cohorts for doses relevant to radiotherapy. Radiat Environ Biophys. 2008;47:253–263
  15. Schneider U, Kaser-Hotz B. A simple dose–response relationship for modelling secondary cancer incidence after radiotherapy. Z Med Phys. 2005;15:31–37
  16. Schneider U, Zwahlen D, Ross D, Kaser-Hotz B. Estimation of radiation induced cancer from 3D-dose distributions: concept of organ equivalent dose. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;61:1510–1515
  17. Kellerer AM, Nekolla EA, Walsh L. On the conversion of solid cancer excess relative risk into lifetime attributable risk. Radiat Environ Biophys. 2001;40:249–257
  18. Schneider U, Lomax A, Pemler P, Besserer J, Ross D, Lombriser N, et al. The impact of IMRT and proton radiotherapy on secondary cancer incidence. Strahlenther Onkol. 2006;182:647–652
  19. Ruben JD, Davis S, Evans C, Jones P, Gagliardi F, Haynes M, et al. The effect of intensity-modulated radiotherapy on radiation-induced second malignancies. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008;70:1530–1536
  20. ICRP 103. Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. ICRP Publication 103, 2007, Ann. ICRP 37(2–4).
  21. Followill D, Geis P, Boyer A. Estimates of whole-body dose equivalent produced by beam intensity modulated conformal therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1997;38:667–672
  22. Hall EJ, Wuu C. Radiation-induced second cancers: the impact of 3D-CRT and IMRT. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003;56:83–88
  23. Kry SF, Salehpour M, Followill D, et al. The calculated risk of fatal secondary malignancies from intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;62:1195–1203
  24. Travis LB, Gospodarowicz M, Curtis RE, Clarke EA, Andersson M, Glimelius B, et al. Lung cancer following chemotherapy and radiotherapy for Hodgkin’s disease. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002;94:182–192

PII: S0167-8140(08)00385-X

doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2008.07.017

Radiotherapy & Oncology
Volume 89, Issue 2 , Pages 135-140 , November 2008

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution